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This paper discusses the TM020 mode Higher-order Mode (HOM) damped cavity, which has a higher quality factor and lower characteristic impedance than the conventional TM010 mode. The unique electromagnetic field (EMF) distribution of the TM020 mode allows for an absorber to be placed at the magnetic field wave node, protecting the working mode while suppressing the HOMs. However, the introduction of high power input couplers and other structures can cause an asymmetrical EMF distribution, leading to operating mode leakage.To address this, EMF compensation methods are applied to the high power input coupler to achieve symmetrical EMF distribution, reducing operating mode loss. Overcoupling of the high power input coupler and the resonant cavity can significantly affect local EMF distribution, causing TM020 mode asymmetry. A tab structure at the coupler port are used to compensate for coupler-induced perturbations, attenuating EMF leakage.The paper proposes electromagnetic compensation structure schemes to mitigate working mode EMF leakage. The reliability of the scheme is demonstrated by the analysis of radiofrequency performance and other aspects through simulation software

• Book : 57(3)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1-6
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Cold new early dark energy (cold NEDE) addresses the Hubble tension through a triggered vacuum phase transition in the dark sector. In this paper, we constrain a phenomenological fluid model using recent cosmic microwave background likelihoods based on Planck NPIPE data alongside baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO) and supernovae data from Pantheon+. Exploiting the enhanced constraining power of the datasets, we introduce and study an extended version of the NEDE fluid model in which the equation of state parameter wNEDE, characterizing the fluid after the phase transition, is allowed to evolve with nonvanishing derivatives dwNEDE/dlna and d2wNEDE/d(lna)2. Our results indicate that data is compatible with a rather simple time dependence that could arise from a mixture of radiation and a stiff fluid. With the updated datasets, the base and extended models still show a significant reduction of the difference of the maximum tension from 6.3σ in ΛCDM down to 3.5σ with a small simultaneous reduction of the S8 tension, slightly improving over recent findings for the axionlike early dark energy model. Finally, we also provide a first test of the model against new BAO data from the dark energy spectroscopic instrument survey. Replacing the previous BAO constraints in our analysis with the new ones, the tension is further reduced to 2.6σ, reaffirming the cold NEDE model as a promising solution to the Hubble tension. Published by the American Physical Society 2025

• Book : 111(4)
• Pub. Date : 2025
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AbstractSeveral chemical and enzymatic methods have been used to link antibodies to moieties that facilitate visualization of cognate targets. Emerging evidence suggests that the extent of labeling, dictated by the type of chemistry used, has a substantial impact on performance, especially in the context of antibodies used for the visualization of tumors in vivo. These effects are particularly pronounced in studies using small antibody fragments, such as single‐domain antibodies, or nanobodies. Here, we leverage a new variety of conjugation chemistry, based on a nanobody that forms a crosslink with a specialized high‐affinity epitope analogue, to label target‐specific nanobody constructs with functionalities of choice, including fluorophores, chelators, and click chemistry handles. Using heterodimeric nanobody conjugates, comprised of an antigen recognition module and a self‐labeling module, enables us to attach the desired functional group at a location distal to the site of antigen recognition. Constructs generated using this approach bound to antigens expressed on xenograft murine models of liver cancer and allowed for non‐invasive diagnostic imaging. The modularity of our approach using a self‐labeling nanobody offers a novel method for site‐specific functionalization of biomolecules and can be extended to other applications for which covalent labeling is required.

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