• Book : 558()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.165559
• Keyword :

• Book : 1053()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.122965
• Keyword :

• Book : 181(3)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.111866
• Keyword :

• Book : 184(p1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.108606
• Keyword :

• Book : 196()
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.112343
• Keyword :

Abstract

Background

Polyamines play important roles in cell growth and proliferation. Polyamine metabolism genes are dysregulated in various tumors. Some polyamine metabolism genes are regulated by transcription factors. However, the transcription factors that regulate polyamine metabolism genes have not been completely identified. Additionally, whether any of the transcriptional regulations depend on tumor heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment has not been investigated.

Methods

We used bulk RNA‐seq data to identify dysregulated polyamine metabolism genes and their transcription factors across breast cancer subtypes. Genes highly correlated with polyamine changes were obtained, and their subtype‐specific expressions were checked in tumor microenvironment cells using single‐cell RNA (scRNA)‐seq data. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis was used to explore their molecular functions and biological processes, and survival analysis was used to examine the impact of these genes on therapeutic outcome.

Results

We first analyzed the dysregulation of polyamine synthesis, catabolism, and transport in four breast cancer subtypes. Genes such as AGMAT and CAV1 were dysregulated across all subtypes, while APRT, SAT1, and other genes were dysregulated in the more lethal subtypes. Among the dysregulated genes of polyamine metabolism, we focused on three genes (SRM, APRT, and SAT1) and identified their transcription factors (SPI1 and IRF1 correspond to SAT1, and IRF3 corresponds to SRM and APRT). With scRNA‐seq data, we verified that these three transcription factors also regulated these three polyamine metabolism genes in the tumor microenvironment. Both bulk RNA‐seq and scRNA‐seq data indicated that these genes were specifically upregulated in high‐risk breast cancer subtypes, such as the basal‐like type. High expression of these genes corresponded to worse outcomes in the basal‐like subtype under chemotherapy and radiation treatment.

Conclusion

Our work identified three subtype‐specific transcription factors that regulate three polyamine metabolism genes in high‐risk breast cancer subtypes and the tumor microenvironment. Our results deepen the understanding of the role of polyamine metabolism in breast cancer and may help the clinical therapy of advanced breast cancer subtypes.

• Book : 4(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.e138
• Keyword :

This case series examines seven patients diagnosed with cricoid chondronecrosis after intubation in the setting of COVID‐19 and presents a novel “cricoid chondronecrosis computed tomography (CT) grading rubric” to standardize reporting of radiological findings. Application of this radiological grading rubric can improve communication among clinicians and radiologists and aid in prognosis determination of patients with cricoid chondronecrosis. Laryngoscope, 135:251-256, 2025

• Book : 135(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.251-256
• Keyword :

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Gout poses a significant health threat. The use of Lactobacillus from the gut microbiota is one potential remedy. However, the intricate molecular mechanisms governing the impact of Lactobacillus on gout remain largely uncharted. In this study, a strain of Limosilactobacillus reuteri RE225 was separated from the gut of mice and colitis was treated with polypeptide intervention.

RESULTS

Limosilactobacillus reuteri RE225 reduced foot tumefaction markedly in mice with gout and extended the pain threshold time in their feet. It also improved the health of gut microbiota. Intervention with L. reuteri RE225 also suppressed the TLR4/MyD88/NF‐κB and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) pathways in the mice, reduced the levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines - interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) - and increased the level of the anti‐inflammatory cytokine interleukin 10 (IL‐10), thereby mitigating inflammation.

CONCLUSION

This study provides a theoretical basis for the comprehensive development of Limosilactobacillus reuteri and new ideas for the non‐pharmacological treatment of gout. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

• Book : 105(2)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.1185-1193
• Keyword :

Abstract

Background

Pan‐immune inflammation value (PIV) is a newly defined biomarker that includes whole cellular components that are indicators of systemic inflammation in complete blood count (CBC), easily accessible and has the potential to reflect both the body's immune response and systemic inflammation status. This study evaluated the pretreatment PIV for its prognostic impact on overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) treated with Lutetium‐177 (¹⁷⁷Lu)‐PSMA‐617.

Methods

The PIV was based on the earliest CBC obtained within 1 month before treatment initiation. Patients were categorized into low and high PIV groups based on the median pretreatment PIV, and the relationship between OS and PIV groups was assessed by multivariable analysis.

Results

A total of 43 patients with mCRPC treated with (¹⁷⁷Lu)‐PSMA‐617 were included. The median OS was longer in the low PIV group (15.1 months [95% confidence interval [CI] 10.6-19.5]) than in the high PIV group (4.2 months [95% CI 1.7-6.6]) (p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, high PIV (hazard ratio [HR]: 4.3, 95% CI 1.194-15.93, p = 0.026) and high Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance score (HR: 7.05, 95% CI 1.48-33.46, p = 0.014) were associated with shorter OS.

Conclusion

This study showed that pretreatment PIV might be a prognostic factor in patients with mCRPC treated with (¹⁷⁷Lu)‐PSMA‐617.

• Book : 85(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.90-96
• Keyword :

ABSTRACT

Gamma irradiation is an effective technique for biocomposite films intended for application in tissue engineering (TE) to ensure sterility and patient safety prior to clinical applications. This study proposed a biocomposite film composed of natural polymer chitosan (CS) and synthetic polymer poly‐Ɛ‐caprolactone (PCL) reinforced with sol-gel‐derived bioactive glass (BG) for potential application in TE. The BG/PCL/CS biocomposite film was sterilized using 25 kGy gamma rays, and subsequent changes in its characteristics were analyzed through mechanical and physical assessment, bioactivity evaluation via immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) and biocompatibility examination using human primary dermal fibroblasts (HPDFs). Results indicated a homogeneous distribution of BG particles within the BG/PCL/CS polymer matrix which enhanced bioactivity, and the polymer blend provide a structurally stable film. Gamma irradiation induced an increase in the film's surface roughness due to photo‐oxidative degradation; however, this did not adversely affect the integrity of glass particles and polymer chains. In vitro assessments demonstrated hydroxyapatite formation on the film's surface, suggesting bioactivity. Biocompatibility testing confirmed enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation. These multifunctional properties highlight the potential of the fabricated BG/PCL/CS biocomposite film for TE and regenerative medicine applications.

• Book : 113(1)
• Pub. Date : 2025
• Page : pp.e37842
• Keyword :